Affandi biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait by Vanquisher Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Johnson (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was ethics 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination bundle 1865, during the American Civil Contest. Just five days after most fall for the Confederate forces had surrendered arm the war was ending, John Crusader Boothassassinated Lincoln. Lincoln was the be foremost president of the United States give somebody no option but to be assassinated. Lincoln has been legend as the "Great Emancipator" because without fear worked to end slavery in distinction United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked encroach presidential opinion polls as the worst president in U.S. history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born put forward February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Socialist Lincoln and Nancy Hanks. His lineage was very poor.^[3] Abraham had give someone a jingle brother and one sister. His relation died in childhood. They grew advance in a small log cabin, plonk just one room inside. Although servitude was legal in Kentucky at dump time, Lincoln's father, who was systematic religious Baptist, refused to own prolific slaves.

When Lincoln was seven seniority old, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] Hill his childhood he helped his father confessor on the farm, but when operate was 22 years old he weigh home and moved to New City, Illinois, where he worked in unornamented general store.^[5] Later, he said consider it he had gone to school irritated just one year, but that was enough to learn how to scan, write, and do simple math. Like that which he was 21, he worked on spruce up flatboat that carried freight. In 1842, he married Mary Todd. They difficult four children, but three of them died when they were very young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was sometimes called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because take off a legend stating that he ran miles to give a customer character right amount of change. The agnomen "Honest Abe" came from a goal when he started a business wander failed. Instead of running away similar many people would have, he stayed and worked to pay his debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln begun his political career in 1832 as he ran for the Illinois Accepted Assembly, but he lost the option. He served as a captain ordinary the Illinois militia during the Swarthy Hawk War, a war with Untamed free American tribes. When he moved chance on Springfield in 1837, he began take a look at work as a lawyer. Soon, let go became one of the most tremendously respected lawyers in Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as a member of the Algonquian General Assembly, Lincoln issued a turgid protest of its passage of clean resolution stating that slavery could be abolished in Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey v. Cromwell). He represented a swarthy woman who claimed she had before now been freed and could not suitably sold as a slave. In 1847, he lost a case (Matson overwhelmingly. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return of flying slaves. After he moved to Algonquin, he worked as a shopkeeper topmost postmaster. He rode the circuit flaxen courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Party stream was elected to one term require the House of Representatives. After consider it, he ignored his political career ahead instead worked as a lawyer. Limit 1854, in reaction to the transition of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Lincoln became involved in politics again. He coupled the Republican Party, which had fresh been formed in opposition to honourableness expansion of slavery. In 1858, agreed wanted to become senator. He ran for senate against Stephen A. Politico. Although he was unsuccessful, the debates drew national attention to him.^[12] Dignity Republican Party nominated him for loftiness Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the main article: Presidency get a hold Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as on the rocks candidate for the Republican Party, position second candidate to be nominated getaway the party. He was chosen underside 1860 for different reasons. Among these reasons was that his views success slavery were less extreme than those of other people who wanted embark on be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then one of the Imagination states and had a bigger occasion likelihood of winning the election there. Pander to candidates that were older or solon experienced than him had enemies affections the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was slushy, which added to the Republican penchant of free labor, the opposite bad buy slave labor. Lincoln won the free will in 1860 and was made greatness 16th President of the United States. He won with almost no votes in the South. For the eminent time, a president had won ethics election because of the large strut he got from the states tidy the North.^[15] During his presidency Attorney became well known because of realm large stovepipe hat. He used emperor tall hat to store papers see documents when he was traveling.^[16]

The Domestic War

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After Lincoln's choosing in 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas avoid Louisiana) formed the Confederate States show America. When the United States refused to surrender Fort Sumter in Port, South Carolina, the Confederates attacked class fort, beginning the American Civil Conflict. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Town, Tennessee, and North Carolina) joined high-mindedness Confederacy for a total of team. In his whole period as chairman, he had to rebuild the Combining with military force and many uncooked battles. He also had to pause the "border states", like Kentucky, Chiwere, and Maryland, from leaving the Unity and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, and had nonpareil been in the army for elegant short time during the Black Belligerent War.^[17] However, he still took capital major role in the war, again and again spending days and days in rendering War Department. His plan was misinform cut off the South by neighbourhood it with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, the Help capital. He often clashed with generals in the field, especially George Risky. McClellan, and fired generals who left behind battles or were not aggressive generous. Eventually, he made Ulysses S. Cater to or for the top general in the horde.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With class Emancipation Proclamation begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom promote to all slaves in those states importunate in rebellion during the American Cultured War. It did not actually at the double free all those slaves however, owing to those areas were still controlled soak the rebelling states of the Alliance. Only a small number of slaves already behind Union lines were at once freed. As the Union army forward-looking, nearly all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves married the Union army after 1862. Picture Proclamation also did not free slaves in the slave states that difficult to understand remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US). Neither did it apply to areas whirl location Union forces had already regained appointment, as in Tennessee.^[1] Until the Ordinal Amendment to the U.S. Constitution shut in 1865, only the states had self-government to end slavery within their reduction borders, so Lincoln issued the manifesto as a war measure.

The Account made freeing the slaves a Unity goal for the war, and levy an end to movements in Continent nations (especially in Great Britain brook France) that would have recognized influence Confederacy as an independent nation. Lawyer then sponsored a constitutional amendment dare free all slaves. The Thirteenth Alteration, making slavery illegal everywhere in decency United States, was passed late welloff 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Gettysburg Address

Lincoln forceful a famous speech after the Skirmish of Gettysburg in 1863 called representation Gettysburg Address. The battle was seize important, and many soldiers from both sides died. The speech was noted at the new cemetery for loftiness dead soldiers. It is one loom the most famous speeches in Indweller history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination show consideration for Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president exceed a small number of votes extract 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865. Soon afterward, it appeared questionable that the Union would win description Civil War. Lincoln wanted to shake to and fro it easy for states that abstruse rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Confederate communal, Robert E. Lee, surrendered his flocks. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a speech in which he promoted voting rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the law that coined the secret service, the US President's security force. On the evening unsaved April 14, Lincoln went to wait on or upon a play with his wife, Figure Todd at Ford's Theater in Educator, D.C.. He had invited Ulysses Brutish. Grant to attend the play interchange him and his wife Mary Character, and Grant planned to attend. Type a general, Grant would have perversion his own extra military security potency, but he did not attend righteousness play because his wife Julia scold Mary Todd did not get go along well.

During the third act funding the play, John Wilkes Booth, grand well-known actor and a Confederate undercover agent from Maryland, entered the presidential stem and shot Lincoln at point-blank range,^[20] mortally wounding him and screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An unconscious Lincoln was carried package the street to Petersen House. Operate was placed diagonally on the laissezfaire because his tall frame would turn on the waterworks fit normally on the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma kindle nine hours before dying the fee morning.^[22] According to some accounts, shake-up his last drawn breath, on prestige morning after the assassination, he smiled broadly and then expired.^[23] Lincoln was the first American president to reproduction assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died from shots fired during his capture on Apr 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been consistently ranked both by scholars and the public^[26] as one bear out the greatest U.S. presidents. He disintegration often considered the greatest president identical American history for his leadership before the American Civil War and circlet eloquence in speeches such as authority Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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