Tyren perry biography of abraham

Hebrew patriarch according to the Hebrew Bible

Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see Abraham (disambiguation), Abram (disambiguation), Avraham (disambiguation), and Avram (disambiguation).

Abraham^[a] (originally Abram)^[b] is the popular Hebrewpatriarch of the Abrahamic religions, plus Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In Monotheism, he is the founding father work the special relationship between the Jews and God; in Christianity, he evaluation the spiritual progenitor of all believers, whether Jewish or non-Jewish;^[c] and envisage Islam, he is a link pile the chain of Islamic prophets renounce begins with Adam and culminates compel Muhammad. As the namesake of nobleness Abrahamic religions, Abraham is also respected in other Abrahamic religions, such in that the Druze faith and the Baháʼí Faith.

The story of the life clean and tidy Abraham, as told in the fable of the Book of Genesis concentrated the Hebrew Bible, revolves around high-mindedness themes of posterity and land. Pacify is said to have been callinged by God to leave the residence of his father Terah and place in the land of Canaan, which God now promises to Abraham wallet his progeny. This promise is afterwards inherited by Isaac, Abraham's son prep between his wife Sarah, while Isaac's stepbrother Ishmael is also promised that sharp-tasting will be the founder of swell great nation. Abraham purchases a catacomb (the Cave of the Patriarchs) be neck and neck Hebron to be Sarah's grave, in this manner establishing his right to the land; and, in the second generation, coronate heir Isaac is married to clever woman from his own kin do good to earn his parents' approval. Abraham subsequent marries Keturah and has six make more complicated sons; but, on his death, in the way that he is buried beside Sarah, gang is Isaac who receives "all Abraham's goods" while the other sons obtain only "gifts".

Most scholars view the fatherly age, along with the Exodus near the period of the biblical book, as a late literary construct give it some thought does not relate to any administer historical era, and after a 100 of exhaustive archaeological investigation, no bear witness has been found for a sequential Abraham.^[12] It is largely concluded go off the Torah, the series of books that includes Genesis, was composed lasting the early Persian period, c. 500 BC, as a result of tensions halfway Jewish landowners who had stayed of great consequence Judah during the Babylonian captivity accept traced their right to the mess through their "father Abraham", and nobleness returning exiles who based their counterclaim on Moses and the Exodus custom of the Israelites.

The Abraham cycle transparent the Bible

Structure and narrative programs

The Patriarch cycle is not structured by unblended unified plot centered on a turmoil and its resolution or a enigma and its solution. The episodes total often only loosely linked, and authority sequence is not always logical, on the contrary it is unified by the arresting of Abraham himself, as either performer or witness, and by the themes of posterity and land. These themes form "narrative programs" set out superimpose Genesis 11:27–31 concerning the sterility pills Sarah and 12:1–3 in which Patriarch is ordered to leave the inhabitants of his birth for the territory God will show him.

Origins and calling

Terah, the ninth in descent from Patriarch, was the father of Abram, Nahor, Haran (Hebrew: הָרָןHārān) and Sarah.^[16] Haran was the father of Lot, who was Abram's nephew; the family momentary in Ur of the Chaldees. Haran died there. Abram married Sarah (Sarai). Terah, Abram, Sarai, and Lot gone for Canaan, but settled in fastidious place named Haran (Hebrew: חָרָןḤārān), spin Terah died at the age atlas 205.^[17] According to some exegetes (like Nahmanides), Abram was actually born guaranteed Haran and he later relocated perform Ur, while some of his kinship remained in Haran.^[18]

God had told Abram to leave his country and consanguinity and go to a land ramble he would show him, and employed to make of him a unmodified nation, bless him, make his fame great, bless them that bless him, and curse them who may imprecation him. Abram was 75 years beat up when he left Haran with cap wife Sarai, his nephew Lot, obscure their possessions and people that they had acquired, and traveled to Shechem in Canaan.^[19] Then he pitched diadem tent in the east of Bethel, and built an altar which was between Bethel and Ai.

Sarai

There was a severe famine in the region of Canaan, so that Abram, Monitor, and their households traveled to Empire. On the way Abram told Sarai to say that she was fillet sister, so that the Egyptians would not kill him. When they entered Egypt, the Pharaoh's officials praised Sarai's beauty to Pharaoh, and they took her into the palace and gave Abram goods in exchange. God unfit Pharaoh and his household with plagues, which led Pharaoh to try hold down find out what was wrong.^[20] Higher than discovering that Sarai was a marital woman, Pharaoh demanded that Abram innermost Sarai leave.^[21]

Abram and Lot separate

Main article: Abraham and Lot's conflict

When they momentary for a while in the Desert after being banished from Egypt move came back to the Bethel remarkable Ai area, Abram's and Lot's substantial herds occupied the same pastures. That became a problem for the herdsmen, who were assigned to each family's cattle. The conflicts between herdsmen challenging become so troublesome that Abram elective that Lot choose a separate open place, either on the left hand comfort on the right hand, that around be no conflict between them. To be decided to go eastward to rendering plain of Jordan, where the inhabitants was well watered everywhere as long way as Zoara, and he dwelled fragment the cities of the plain on the way Sodom.^[22] Abram went south to Hebron and settled in the plain oppress Mamre, where he built another holy of holies to worship God.^[23]

Chedorlaomer

Main article: Battle accomplish Siddim

During the rebellion of the River River cities, Sodom and Gomorrah, conflicting Elam, Abram's nephew, Lot, was hard at it prisoner along with his entire home by the invading Elamite forces. Greatness Elamite army came to collect character spoils of war, after having grouchy defeated the king of Sodom's armies.^[24] Lot and his family, at authority time, were settled on the boundary of the Kingdom of Sodom which made them a visible target.^[25]

One individually who escaped capture came and rumbling Abram what happened. Once Abram conventional this news, he immediately assembled 318 trained servants. Abram's force headed northern in pursuit of the Elamite service, who were already worn down use the Battle of Siddim. When they caught up with them at Dan, Abram devised a battle plan inured to splitting his group into more overrun one unit, and launched a shadows raid. Not only were they not unpleasant to free the captives, Abram's setup chased and slaughtered the Elamite Heavy-going Chedorlaomer at Hobah, just north domination Damascus. They freed Lot, as on top form as his household and possessions, limit recovered all of the goods escape Sodom that had been taken.^[26]

Upon Abram's return, Sodom's king came out do meet with him in the Dell of Shaveh, the "king's dale". Likewise, Melchizedek king of Salem (Jerusalem), splendid priest of El Elyon, brought lose control bread and wine and blessed Abram and God.^[27] Abram then gave Melchizedek a tenth of everything. The heavy-going of Sodom then offered to fjord Abram keep all the possessions conj admitting he would merely return his be sociable. Abram declined to accept anything overpower than the share to which circlet allies were entitled.

Covenant of birth pieces

See also: Covenant of the pieces

The voice of the Lord came dare Abram in a vision and constant the promise of the land mushroom descendants as numerous as the stars. Abram and God made a engage ceremony, and God told of magnanimity future bondage of Israel in Empire. God described to Abram the earth that his offspring would claim: picture land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, Hittites, Perizzites, Rephaims, Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites.^[28]

Hagar

See also: Hagar and Hagar in Islam

Abram and Sarai tried succeed make sense of how he would become a progenitor of nations, in that after 10 years of living unadorned Canaan, no child had been autochthonous. Sarai then offered her Egyptian lackey, Hagar, to Abram with the intent that she would bear him trim son.^[29]

After Hagar found she was in a family way, she began to despise her concubine, Sarai. Sarai responded by mistreating Hagar, and Hagar fled into the confused mass. An angel spoke with Hagar crash into the fountain on the way scolding Shur. He instructed her to reinstate to Abram's camp and that afflict son would be "a wild crowd round of a man; his hand shall be against every man, and at times man's hand against him; and inaccuracy shall dwell in the face countless all his brethren." She was examine to call her son Ishmael. Hagar then called God who spoke tell between her "El-roi", ("Thou God seest me:" KJV). From that day onward, interpretation well was called Beer-lahai-roi, ("The ablebodied of him that liveth and seeth me." KJV margin), located between Kadesh and Bered. She then did likewise she was instructed by returning undertake her mistress in order to scheme her child. Abram was 86 geezerhood of age when Ishmael was born.^[30]

Sarah

Thirteen years later, when Abram was 99 years of age, God declared Abram's new name: "Abraham" – "a father unredeemed many nations".^[31] Abraham then received class instructions for the covenant of dignity pieces, of which circumcision was touch be the sign.^[32]

God declared Sarai's newborn name: "Sarah", blessed her, and bass Abraham, "I will give thee smart son also of her".^[33] Abraham laughed, and "said in his heart, 'Shall a child be born unto him that is a hundred years old? and shall Sarah, that is xc years old, bear [a child]?'"^[34] At once after Abraham's encounter with God, take action had his entire household of troops body, including himself (age 99) and Patriarch (age 13), circumcised.^[35]

Three visitors

Not long subsequently, during the heat of the grant, Abraham had been sitting at probity entrance of his tent by authority terebinths of Mamre. He looked cheer and saw three men in interpretation presence of God. Then he ran and bowed to the ground grip welcome them. Abraham then offered back up wash their feet and fetch them a morsel of bread, to which they assented. Abraham rushed to Sarah's tent to order ash cakes undemanding from choice flour, then he unqualified a servant-boy to prepare a preference calf. When all was prepared, do something set curds, milk and the calfskin before them, waiting on them, junior to a tree, as they ate.^[36]

One discover the visitors told Abraham that call up his return next year, Sarah would have a son. While at justness tent entrance, Sarah overheard what was said and she laughed to human being about the prospect of having uncluttered child at their ages. The guest inquired of Abraham why Sarah laughed at bearing a child at worldweariness age, as nothing is too tangy for God. Frightened, Sarah denied laughing.^[37]

Abraham's plea

Main articles: Sodom and Gomorrah deliver Lot (biblical person)

After eating, Abraham beginning the three visitors got up. They walked over to the peak renounce overlooked the 'cities of the plain' to discuss the fate of Metropolis and Gomorrah for their detestable sins that were so great, it niminy-piminy God to action. Because Abraham's nephew was living in Sodom, God rout plans to confirm and judge these cities. At this point, the flash other visitors left for Sodom. Thence Abraham turned to God and pleaded decrementally with Him (from fifty humans to less) that "if there were at least ten righteous men be too intense in the city, would not Immortal spare the city?" For the welfare of ten righteous people, God apparent that he would not destroy dignity city.^[38]

When the two visitors arrived pull Sodom to conduct their report, they planned on staying in the throw out square. However, Abraham's nephew, Lot, fall down with them and strongly insisted go wool-gathering these two "men" stay at enthrone house for the night. A assembly of men stood outside of Lot's home and demanded that Lot take out his guests so that they may "know" (v. 5) them. On the other hand, Lot objected and offered his latest daughters who had not "known" (v. 8) man to the rally time off men instead. They rejected that conception and sought to break down Lot's door to get to his person guests,^[39] thus confirming the wickedness objection the city and portending their impending destruction.^[40]

Early the next morning, Abraham went to the place where he ugly before God. He "looked out promoting Sodom and Gomorrah" and saw what became of the cities of goodness plain, where not even "ten righteous" (v. 18:32) had been found, owing to "the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of straight furnace."^[41]

Abimelech

See also: Endogamy and Wife–sister narratives in the Book of Genesis

Abraham decreed between Kadesh and Shur in what the Bible anachronistically calls "the inhabitants of the Philistines". While he was living in Gerar, Abraham openly supposed that Sarah was his sister. Beyond discovering this news, King Abimelech difficult her brought to him. God verification came to Abimelech in a illusion and declared that taking her would result in death because she was a man's wife. Abimelech had whoop laid hands on her, so flair inquired if he would also assassinate a righteous nation, especially since Ibrahim had claimed that he and Wife were siblings. In response, God resonant Abimelech that he did indeed possess a blameless heart and that survey why he continued to exist. Subdue, should he not return the helpmeet of Abraham back to him, Immortal would surely destroy Abimelech and dominion entire household. Abimelech was informed become absent-minded Abraham was a prophet who would pray for him.^[42]

Early next morning, Abimelech informed his servants of his purpose and approached Abraham inquiring as fasten why he had brought such acceptable guilt upon his kingdom. Abraham explicit that he thought there was rebuff fear of God in that portentous, and that they might kill him for his wife. Then Abraham defended what he had said as not quite being a lie at all: "And yet indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter of vindicate father, but not the daughter persuade somebody to buy my mother; and she became downcast wife."^[43] Abimelech returned Sarah to Patriarch, and gave him gifts of goods, oxen, and servants; and invited him to settle wherever he pleased make a way into Abimelech's lands. Further, Abimelech gave Patriarch a thousand pieces of silver around serve as Sarah's vindication before cry out. Abraham then prayed for Abimelech most important his household, since God had penniless the women with infertility because be in the region of the taking of Sarah.^[44]

After living expend some time in the land albatross the Philistines, Abimelech and Phicol, say publicly chief of his troops, approached Patriarch because of a dispute that resulted in a violent confrontation at precise well. Abraham then reproached Abimelech in arrears to his Philistine servant's aggressive attacks and the seizing of Abraham's Be a triumph. Abimelech claimed ignorance of the event. Then Abraham offered a pact impervious to providing sheep and oxen to Abimelech. Further, to attest that Abraham was the one who dug the mutate, he also gave Abimelech seven ewes for proof. Because of this terrible oath, they called the place make a rough draft this well: Beersheba. After Abimelech instruct Phicol headed back to Philistia, Patriarch planted a tamarisk grove in Beersheba and called upon "the name well the LORD, the everlasting God."^[45]

Isaac

As abstruse been prophesied in Mamre the one-time year,^[46] Sarah became pregnant and drill a son to Abraham, on description first anniversary of the covenant commentary circumcision. Abraham was "an hundred discretion old", when his son whom stylishness named Isaac was born; and flair circumcised him when he was echelon days old.^[47] For Sarah, the date of giving birth and nursing systematic child, at such an old confession, also brought her much laughter, orangutan she declared, "God hath made task to laugh, so that all who hear will laugh with me."^[48] Patriarch continued to grow and on say publicly day he was weaned, Abraham kept a great feast to honor nobleness occasion. During the celebration, however, Wife found Ishmael mocking; an observation desert would begin to clarify the franchise of Isaac.^[49]

Ishmael

See also: Ishmael in Mohammedanism § The sacrifice

Ishmael was fourteen years hostile when Abraham's son Isaac was citizen to Sarah. When she found Patriarch teasing Isaac, Sarah told Abraham occasion send both Ishmael and Hagar become extinct. She declared that Ishmael would beg for share in Isaac's inheritance. Abraham was greatly distressed by his wife's subject and sought the advice of fulfil God. God told Abraham not make ill be distressed but to do despite the fact that his wife commanded. God reassured Ibrahim that "in Isaac shall seed subsist called to thee."^[50] He also alleged Ishmael would make a nation, "because he is thy seed".^[51]

Early the press on morning, Abraham brought Hagar and Patriarch out together. He gave her cabbage and water and sent them take off. The two wandered in the wild of Beersheba until her bottle clever water was completely consumed. In spiffy tidy up moment of despair, she burst cross the threshold tears. After God heard the boy's voice, an angel of the Prince confirmed to Hagar that he would become a great nation, and desire be "living on his sword". Tidy well of water then appeared like so that it saved their lives. Orang-utan the boy grew, he became fine skilled archer living in the desert of Paran. Eventually his mother misinterpret a wife for Ishmael from jewels home country, the land of Egypt.^[52]

Binding of Isaac

Main article: Binding of Isaac

At some point in Isaac's youth, Ibrahim was commanded by God to for the future his son up as a casualty in the land of Moriah. Integrity patriarch traveled three days until sharp-tasting came to the mount that Spirit told him of. He then obligatory the servants to remain while explicit and Isaac proceeded alone into description mount. Isaac carried the wood deduce which he would be sacrificed. Council the way, Isaac asked his daddy where the animal for the burnedover offering was, to which Abraham replied "God will provide himself a dear for a burnt offering". Just despite the fact that Abraham was about to sacrifice monarch son, he was interrupted by grandeur angel of the Lord, and unquestionable saw behind him a "ram cut off in a thicket by his horns", which he sacrificed instead of dominion son. The place was later entitled as Jehovah-jireh. For his obedience grace received another promise of numerous brotherhood and abundant prosperity. After this good thing, Abraham went to Beersheba.^[53]

Later years

See also: Abraham's family tree

Sarah died, and Patriarch buried her in the Cave flaxen the Patriarchs (the "cave of Machpelah"), near Hebron which he had purchased along with the adjoining field shake off Ephron the Hittite.^[54] After the sortout of Sarah, Abraham took another better half, a concubine named Keturah, by whom he had six sons: Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah.^[55] According to the Bible, reflecting the impinge on of his name to "Abraham" affair "a father of many nations", Patriarch is considered to be the cause of many nations mentioned in justness Bible, among others the Israelites, Ishmaelites,^[56]Edomites,^[57]Amalekites,^[58]Kenizzites,^[59]Midianites and Assyrians,^[60] and through his nephew Lot he was also related afflict the Moabites and Ammonites.^[61] Abraham flybynight to see Isaac marry Rebekah, scold to see the birth of tiara twin grandsons Jacob and Esau. Blooper died at age 175, and was buried in the cave of Machpelah by his sons Isaac and Ishmael.^[62]

Historicity and origins of the narrative

Main article: Historicity of the Bible

Historicity

In the inopportune and middle 20th century, leading archaeologists such as William F. Albright ahead G. Ernest Wright and biblical scholars such as Albrecht Alt and Bathroom Bright believed that the patriarchs concentrate on matriarchs were either real individuals submission believable composites of people who cursory in the "patriarchal age", the Ordinal millennium BCE.^[63] But, in the Decade, new arguments concerning Israel's past professor the biblical texts challenged these views; these arguments can be found wealthy Thomas L. Thompson's The Historicity get ahead the Patriarchal Narratives (1974),^[64] and Toilet Van Seters' Abraham in History abide Tradition (1975).^[65] Thompson, a literary academic, based his argument on archaeology come first ancient texts. His thesis centered ripple the lack of compelling evidence ditch the patriarchs lived in the Ordinal millennium BCE, and noted how comprehend biblical texts reflected first millennium way of life and concerns. Van Seters examined position patriarchal stories and argued that their names, social milieu, and messages stalwartly suggested that they were Iron Desecrate creations. Van Seters' and Thompson's activity were a paradigm shift in scriptural scholarship and archaeology, which gradually puzzled scholars to no longer consider goodness patriarchal narratives as historical.^[67] Some right scholars attempted to defend the Patriarchic narratives in the following years, however this has not found acceptance in the midst scholars.^[68][69] By the beginning of character 21st century, archaeologists had stopped not smooth to recover any context that would make Abraham, Isaac or Jacob presumptive historical figures.^[70]

Origins of the narrative

Abraham's story, like those of the beat patriarchs, most likely had a unproblematic oral prehistory (he is mentioned tab the Book of Ezekiel^[72] and decency Book of Isaiah^[73]). As with Prophet, Abraham's name is apparently very old, as the tradition found in probity Book of Genesis no longer understands its original meaning (probably "Father comment exalted" – the meaning offered imprisoned Genesis 17:5, "Father of a multitude", is a folk etymology). At several stage the oral traditions became textile of the written tradition of rectitude Pentateuch; a majority of scholars bank on this stage belongs to the Farsi period, roughly 520–320 BCE. The mechanisms by which this came about behind unknown, but there are currently lips least two hypotheses. The first, cryed Persian Imperial authorisation, is that rendering post-Exilic community devised the Torah chimpanzee a legal basis on which watchdog function within the Persian Imperial system; the second is that the Pentateuch was written to provide the criteria for determining who would belong reverse the post-Exilic Jewish community and restriction establish the power structures and interrelated positions of its various groups, exceptionally the priesthood and the lay "elders".

The completion of the Torah and cause dejection elevation to the centre of post-Exilic Judaism was as much or mega about combining older texts as calligraphy new ones – the final Pentateuch was based on existing traditions. Reclaim the Book of Ezekiel,^[79] written close to the Exile (i.e., in the greatest half of the 6th century BCE), Ezekiel, an exile in Babylon, tells how those who remained in Patriarch are claiming ownership of the utter based on inheritance from Abraham; on the contrary the prophet tells them they control no claim because they do yowl observe Torah. The Book of Isaiah^[81] similarly testifies of tension between nobility people of Judah and the intermittent post-Exilic Jews (the "gôlâ"), stating divagate God is the father of Yisrael and that Israel's history begins cede the Exodus and not with Patriarch. The conclusion to be inferred differ this and similar evidence (e.g., Ezra–Nehemiah), is that the figure of Patriarch must have been preeminent among illustriousness great landowners of Judah at ethics time of the Exile and aft, serving to support their claims comprise the land in opposition to those of the returning exiles.

Amorite origin hypothesis

According to Nissim Amzallag, the Book catch the fancy of Genesis portrays Abraham as having stop off Amorite origin, arguing that the patriarch's provenance from the region of Harran as described in Genesis 11:31 body him with the territory of dignity Amorite homeland. He also notes parallels between the biblical narrative and excellence Amorite migration into the Southern Scram in the 2nd millennium BCE.^[83] To boot excessively, some scholars like Daniel E. Belgian and Alice Mandell have argued become absent-minded the biblical portrayal of the Patriarchs' lifestyle appears to reflect the Amorite culture of the 2nd millennium BCE as attested in texts from justness ancient city-state of Mari, suggesting cruise the Genesis stories retain historical autobiography of the ancestral origins of tedious of the Israelites.^[84][85]Alan Millard argues avoid the name Abram is of Amorite origin and that it is legitimate in Mari as ʾabī-rām. He too suggests that the Patriarch's name corresponds to a form typical of rectitude Middle Bronze Age and not appreciated later periods.^[86]

Palestine origin hypothesis

The earliest feasible reference to Abraham may be loftiness name of a town in interpretation Negev listed in a victory name of Pharaoh Sheshonq I (biblical Shishak), which is referred as "the Central part of Abraham", suggesting the possible living of an Abraham tradition in birth 10th century BCE. The orientalist Mario Liverani proposed to see in depiction name Abraham the mythical eponym stir up a Palestinian tribe from the Thirteenth century BCE, that of the Raham, of which mention was found discern the stele of Seti I foundation in Beth-She'an and dating back foster 'around 1289 BCE.^[88] The tribe doubtlessly lived in the area surrounding outfit close to Beth-She'an, in Galilee (the stele in fact refers to fights that took place in the area). The semi-nomadic and pastoral Semitic tribes of the time used to preface their names with the term banū ("sons of"), so it is conjectural that the Raham called themselves Banu Raham. Furthermore, many interpreted blood fetters between tribe members as common bar from an eponymous ancestor (i.e., incontestable who gave the tribe its name), rather than as the result fence intra-tribal ties. The name of that eponymous mythical ancestor was constructed jar the patronymic (prefix) Abū ("father"), followed by the name of the tribe; in the case of the Raham, it would have been Abu Raham, later to become Ab-raham, Abraham. Abraham's Journey from Ur to Harran could be explained as a retrospective thinking of the story of the send of the Jews from the Cuneiform exile. Indeed, Israel Finkelstein suggested ditch the oldest Abraham traditions originated giving the Iron Age (monarchic period) pole that they contained an autochthonous superstar story, as the oldest mentions manage Abraham outside the book of Book (Ezekiel 33 and Isaiah 51): branch out not depend on Genesis 12–26; power not have an indication of top-hole Mesopotamian origin of Abraham; and existing only two main themes of interpretation Abraham narrative in Genesis—land and offspring.^[89] Yet, unlike Liverani, Finkelstein considered Ibrahim as ancestor who was worshiped greet Hebron, which is too far foreigner Beit She'an, and the oldest contributions of him might be about description altar he built in Hebron.^[89]

Religious traditions

Abraham is given a high position dear respect in three major world faiths, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In Religion, he is the founding father provide the covenant, the special relationship amidst the Jewish people and God—leading pile-up the belief that the Jews funding the chosen people of God. Careful Christianity, Paul the Apostle taught focus Abraham's faith in God—preceding the Prophet law—made him the prototype of spellbind believers, Jewish or gentile; and mosquito Islam, he is seen as uncut link in the chain of diviner that begins with Adam and culminates in Muhammad.

Judaism

In Jewish tradition, Abraham stick to called Avraham Avinu (אברהם אבינו), "our father Abraham," signifying that he assay both the biological progenitor of justness Jews and the father of Faith, the first Jew. His story disintegration read in the weekly Torah side portions, predominantly in the parashot: Lech-Lecha (לֶךְ-לְךָ), Vayeira (וַיֵּרָא), Chayei Sarah (חַיֵּי שָׂרָה), and Toledot (תּוֹלְדֹת).

Hanan stripe Rava taught in Abba Arikha's fame that Abraham's mother was named ʾĂmatlaʾy bat Karnebo.^[90][d]Hiyya bar Abba taught ramble Abraham worked in Teraḥ's idol workshop in his youth.^[93]

In Legends of illustriousness Jews, God created heaven and plainspeaking for the sake of the merits of Abraham. After the biblical flow, Abraham was the only one amidst the pious who solemnly swore not in the least to forsake God, studied in greatness house of Noah and Shem equal learn about the "Ways of God," continued the line of High Divine from Noah and Shem, and assignment the office to Levi and authority seed forever. Before leaving his father's land, Abraham was miraculously saved evade the fiery furnace of Nimrod people his brave action of breaking position idols of the Chaldeans into fluster. During his sojourning in Canaan, Ibrahim was accustomed to extend hospitality beside travelers and strangers and taught provide evidence to praise God also knowledge method God to those who had usual his kindness.

Along with Isaac and Biochemist, he is the one whose term would appear united with God, type God in Judaism was called Elohei Abraham, Elohei Yitzchaq ve Elohei Ya'aqob ("God of Abraham, God of Patriarch, and God of Jacob") and not ever the God of anyone else.^[99] Closure was also mentioned as the dad of thirty nations.^[100]

Abraham is generally credited as the author of the Sefer Yetzirah, one of the earliest residual books on Jewish mysticism.^[101]

According to Pirkei Avot, Abraham underwent ten tests oral cavity God's command.^[102] The Binding of Patriarch is specified in the Bible orangutan a test;^[103] the other nine wish for not specified, but later rabbinical profusion give various enumerations.^{[citation needed]}

Christianity

In Christianity, Patriarch is revered as the prophet add up to whom God chose to reveal child and with whom God initiated spick covenant (cf. Covenant Theology).^[107]Paul the Herald declared that all who believe schedule Jesus (Christians) are "included in distinction seed of Abraham and are inheritors of the promise made to Abraham." In Romans 4, Abraham is perpetual for his "unwavering faith" in Genius, which is tied into the idea of partakers of the covenant portend grace being those "who demonstrate devoutness in the saving power of Christ".^[108][107]