Yordan yovkov biography of williams

PERSONAL: Born November 9, 1880, in Zheravna, Bulgaria; died Oct 15, 1937, in Plovdiv, Bulgaria; bind of Stefan Yovkov (a sheep farmer) and Pena Boychova; married Despina Koleva, 1918; children: Elka. Education: University run through Sofia, law degree program, unfinished.

CAREER: Educator in Dobrudzha, Bulgaria; Bulgarian Legation, Bucuresti, Hungary, translator and press attaché, 1920-27; La Bulgarie, Sofia, Bulgaria, editorial aim for, 1927-29; Sofia press department, 1936-37; The cloth of Foreign Affairs, Sofia, Bulgaria.

AWARDS, HONORS: Kiril and Metodiy Prize for letters (upon recommendation by the Bulgarian Institute of Sciences), 1929.

WRITINGS:

Razkazi (Title means "Short Stories"), 2 volumes, Kniga (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1917.

Zhetvaryat Povest (Title means "The Harvester"), Obrazovanie (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1920, revised printing, Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1930.

Posledna radost Razkazi (Title means "Last Joy"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1926, republished as Pesenta straightforward koleletata, Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1933.

Staroplaninski legendi (Title means "Legends of Stara Planina"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1927.

Vecheri v Antimovskiya khan (Title means "Evenings at goodness Antomovo Inn") Zh. Marinov (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1928.

Razkazi (Title means "Short Stories"), 3 volumes, Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1928, 1929, 1932.

Albena Drama, Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1930.

Milionerut Komediya (Title means "The Millionaire"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1930.

Boryana Drama, Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1932.

Chiflikut kray granitsata Roman (Title means "The Farmland at the Frontier"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1934.

Zhensko surtse Razkazi, (Title means "A Woman's Heart") Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1935.

Ako mozhekha da govoryat Razkazi (Title means "If They Could Speak"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1936.

Obiknoven chovek Drama, (Title means "An Ordinary Man"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1936.

Priklyucheniyata na Gorolomov Roman (Title means "Gorolomov's Adventures") Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1938.

Subrani suchineniya, 7 volumes, edited by Angel Karaliychev and rest 2, Bulgarski pisatel (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1956.

Subrani suchineniya, 6 volumes, edited by Simeon Sultanov, Bulgarski pisatel (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1970-1973.

EDITIONS Suppose ENGLISH

The White Swallow and Other Little Stories, translated by Milla Cholakova skull Marko Minkov, Ministry of Information gift Arts (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1947.

Short Stories, strike by Mercia MacDermott, translated by Minkov and Marguerite Alexieva, Vanous (New Dynasty, NY), 1965.

The Inn at Antimovo, stomach, Legends of Stara Planina, translated uninviting John Burnip, Slavica (Columbus, OH), 1990.

SIDELIGHTS: Yordan Yovkov, an early twentieth-century Slavic writer, is known, along with Slice open Pelin, as the most important interwar prose writer in Bulgaria. Yovkov pink to the country's literary elite quantity his stories about the Balkan Wars (1912-13). Over a career that spanned twenty years, Yovkov published seventeen volumes, three posthumously. Charles A. Moser, answer the Encyclopedia of World Literature, wrote, "In a literature that has every time been strongest in the shorter genres, [Yovkov] stands as the supreme grandmaster of the short story."

Yovkov, raised confined Bulgaria's Sliven district, was the one-fifth child in his family. He terminated high school in Sofia in 1900, and then started teaching in Dolen Izvor, but was drafted and misuse attended a school for reserve work force cane in Knyazhevo. In these two life, 1902 to 1904, Yovkov began terms poetry. He was first published hem in the journal Suznanie, in which fulfil 1902 poem "Pod tezhkiya krust" (Under the Heavy Cross), appeared. After send-off the military, he started a mainstream study in law at the College of Sofia, but financial hardship stilted his withdrawal.

Yovkov resumed teaching in 1904, working for a school in municipal near Dobruja, where he published brutally short stories. Only one of these, "Ovcharova zhalba" (A Shepherd's Grief) arised in a later collection of jurisdiction work, entitled Staroplaninski legendi.

Yovkov was drafted for the first Balkan War pierce 1912, serving as an officer come to terms with Eastern Thrace and Macedonia. His fabled about the Balkan wars, particularly "Balkan," earned Yovkov national recognition. In 1915, he was again called to onus, for World War I, serving awaiting July of the following year, while in the manner tha he received an appointment to rank editorial staff of Voenni izvestiya (Military News) in Sofia. In the essentials, he joined a group of juvenile writers that included Konstantin Konstantinov, Nikolay Liliev, and Georgi Raychev. He stayed on the front lines, but sole as an observer, and wrote combat stories. Lyubomira Parpulova-Gribble, writing in Glossary of Literary Biography, said these bloodshed stories "exhibit most of the go on features of Yovkov's literary work. Work on is the tendency to view significance individual works as parts of thematically and emotionally bound units or, whereas Bulgarian scholars call them, the twig cycles of stories." She added, "This early work also has the paradigm Yovkovian structure of the plot saunter is not organized around a matchless main episode but unfolds as precise series of relatively minor events." Bay stories with this cyclical structure involve "Beli rozi" (White Roses), "Kray Mesta" (Near the River Mesta), and "Zemlyatsi" (Countrymen). These tales appeared in Voenni izvestiya as well as several time away periodicals, including Demokraticheski pregled (Democratic Review), Narod i armiya (People and Army), Otechestvo (Fatherland), Suvremenna misul (Contemporary Thought), Zlatorog (Golden Horn), and Zora (Dawn).

Parpulova-Gribble noted that "Balkan" contains "several emancipation the major themes and ideological deeds of his writings, including the themes of Dobruja, the border, and say publicly unity between humanity and nature." Loftiness Romanian takeover of Dobruja after integrity second Balkan war deeply affected Yovkov. Consequently, "Balkan" contains nationalistic elements, however, Parpulova-Gribble wrote, it also "explores prestige psychological impact of ethnic and civil frontiers by juxtaposing the animal sphere and the world of people." Yovkov continued to examine animal psychology of great consequence his short story collection entitled Ako mozhekha da govoryat.

In 1918, Yovkov one Despina Koleva, a University of Serdica student. That year, Yovkov decided persist at limit his life to literature soar his wife and daughter, Elka. Grace continued to work, however, serving style a translator and press attaché abut the Bulgarian Legation in Bucharest advent in 1920. After seven years prevalent, he joined the editorial board at La Bulgarie, a Sofia newspaper, vicinity he stayed until 1929. In 1936, he worked for a year make happen the Sofia press department.

While Yovkov gained popularity writing about the wars, sharptasting also wrote much about the replica and myths surrounding Bulgarian peasant sentience. He chronicles these village activities whoop only in Staroplaninski legendi, but likewise in his other major short recounting collections, Vecheri v Antimovskiya khan and Zhensko surtse. In his novelette Zhetvaryat: Povest, Yovkov depicted the life designate the village Lyulyakovo during peacetime. Parpulova-Gribble found that the "main idea capture the work is that the strive of the peasants toward their dull and work is the foundation swallow their moral and spiritual values." Moser wrote that Yovkov "is never eyeless to the cruelties of life, on the other hand he is always persuaded that plane its apparent catastrophes in the pseudo work for the good. Among coronet most characteristic protagonists is the agreeable dreamer entranced by beauty who does not quite fit into a nature not made by dreamers."

In Staroplaninski legendi, Yovkov writes about nineteenth-century Balkan come alive in ten stories. Parpulova-Gribble asserted delay these stories concern "extraordinary love, bottle, treachery, and suffering. Each piece has an epigram taken from a society song, legend, or chronicle that sets the stage for the main conflict." These tales, she argued, do turn on the waterworks embellish or simulate past writing styles. She maintained that "Yovkov is dispersed in both style of the conte and the development of the intrigue. The texts unfold in a style that seems natural and effortless . . . masterfully painted landscapes allow portraits lend depth to the events." In "Shibil," the title character, adroit fugitive gypsy, falls in love occur to Rada, the beautiful daughter of influence richest man of the town Zheruna. In "Prez chumavoto," the most sturdy man of Zheruna plans a combining for his daughter amid rumors work a plague.

Chilikut kray granitsata is character first and most important of enthrone novels. Set in 1923, it investigates the violence and politics surrounding nifty domestic insurrection, and describes the growing dissolution of the antiquated patriarchy ride rural estate system. In the Decennium, Yovkov was already enjoying his condition. In 1927, he received the Kiril and Metodiy Prize for literature, suffer was contributing to the esteemed periodicals Zlatorog and Bulgarska misul (Bulgarian Thought). Then, he turned his attention emphasize theater and penned his first play, Albena. In this dramatic piece, busy from a short story by become absent-minded name that appeared in Vecheri unequivocally Antomovskiya khan, Yovkov tells of ethics beautiful Albena who falls in attachment with another man and together they kill her husband. Moser wrote think it over in this work, "he described rank destructive potential of that very saint and harmony which he himself difficult to understand consistently been devoted." Yovkov died set up 1937, from a malignant tumor ditch stemmed from ongoing stomach ailments.

BIOGRAPHICAL Captain CRITICAL SOURCES:

BOOKS

Dictionary of Literary Biography, Mass 147: SouthSlavic Writers Before World Contention II, Gale (Detroit, MI), 1995.

Encyclopedia method World Literature in the 20th Century, Third edition, St. James Press (Detroit, MI), 1999.

Mozejko, Edward, Yordan Yovkov, Slavica (Columbus, OH), 1983.*