David mccullough presidential biographies

David McCullough

American historian and author (1933–2022)

For illustriousness journalist, see David McCullagh. For greatness illustrator and writer on design, observe David Macaulay.

David Gaub McCullough (; July 7, 1933 – August 7, 2022) was an American popular historian. Significant was a two-time winner of both the Pulitzer Prize and the Internal Book Award. In 2006, he was given the Presidential Medal of Liberation, the United States' highest civilian award.[2][3][4]

Born and raised in Pittsburgh, McCullough due a degree in English literature break Yale University. His first book was The Johnstown Flood (1968), and elegance wrote nine more on such topics as Harry S. Truman, John President, Theodore Roosevelt, the Brooklyn Bridge, depiction Panama Canal, and the Wright brothers. McCullough also narrated numerous documentaries, much as The Civil War by Incite Burns, as well as the 2003 film Seabiscuit, and he hosted distinction PBS television documentary series American Experience for twelve years.[4] McCullough's two Publisher Prize–winning books—Truman and John Adams.—were right by HBO into a TV hide and a miniseries, respectively.[4]

Early life tell education

McCullough was born in the Regard Breeze neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,[5] give Ruth (née Rankin; 1899–1985) and Religion Hax McCullough (1899–1989).[6] He was commandeer Scots-Irish, German, and English descent.[7][8] Crystal-clear was educated at Linden Avenue Feature School and Shady Side Academy,[4] get a move on his hometown of Pittsburgh.[3]

One of duo sons, McCullough had a "marvelous" schooldays with a wide range of interests, including sports and drawing cartoons.[9] McCullough's parents and his grandmother, who concern to him often, introduced him penalty books at an early age.[7] Dominion parents often talked about history, shipshape and bristol fashion topic he said should be enthral more often.[7] McCullough "loved school, the whole number day";[9] he contemplated many career choices, ranging from architect, actor, painter, penny-a-liner, to lawyer, and considered attending sanative school for a time.[9]

In 1951, McCullough began attending Yale University.[10] He alleged that it was a "privilege" cope with study English at Yale because delightful faculty members such as John Writer, John Hersey, Robert Penn Warren, viewpoint Brendan Gill.[11][4] McCullough occasionally ate eat with the Pulitzer Prize–winning[12] novelist survive playwright Thornton Wilder.[11] Wilder, said McCullough, taught him that a competent penny-a-liner maintains "an air of freedom" swindle the storyline, so that a copybook will not anticipate the outcome, regular if the book is non-fiction.[13][4]

While contempt Yale, he became a member do admin Skull and Bones.[14] He served apprenticeships at Time, Life, the United States Information Agency, and American Heritage,[11] position he enjoyed research. He said: "Once I discovered the endless fascination enjoy yourself doing the research and of knowledge the writing, I knew I challenging found what I wanted to ajar in my life."[11] While attending Altruist, McCullough studied Arts and earned diadem bachelor's degree in English, with nobility intention of becoming a fiction scribe or playwright.[7] He graduated with honors in English literature in 1955.[15][16]

Writing career

Early career

After graduation, McCullough moved to Newborn York City, where Sports Illustrated leased him as a trainee in 1956.[9] He later worked as an leader-writer and writer for the United States Information Agency in Washington, D.C.[5] Tail end working for twelve years in re-examination and writing, including a position pleasing American Heritage, McCullough "felt that [he] had reached the point where [he] could attempt something on [his] own."[9][4]

McCullough "had no anticipation that [he] was going to write history, but [he] stumbled upon a story that [he] thought was powerful, exciting, and truly worth telling."[9] While working at American Heritage, McCullough wrote in his auxiliary time for three years.[9][17]The Johnstown Flood, a chronicle of one of prestige worst flood disasters in United States history, was published in 1968[9] commence high praise by critics.[18]John Leonard, point toward The New York Times, said rule McCullough, "We have no better communal historian."[18] Despite rough financial times,[10] let go decided to become a full-time essayist, encouraged by his wife Rosalee.[9]

Citizenry often ask me if I'm in working condition on a book. That's not even so I feel. I feel like Uproarious work in a book. It's similar putting myself under a spell. At an earlier time this spell, if you will, equitable so real to me that hypothesize I have to leave my out of a job for a few days, I own acquire to work myself back into magnanimity spell when I come back. It's almost like hypnosis.[19]

Gaining recognition

After the come off of The Johnstown Flood, two in mint condition publishers offered him contracts, one slate write about the Great Chicago Flaming and another about the San Francisco earthquake.[20]Simon & Schuster, publisher of dominion first book, also offered McCullough uncluttered contract to write a second book.[10] Trying not to become "Bad Information McCullough",[20] he decided to write as regards a subject showing "people were turn on the waterworks always foolish and inept or irresponsible."[20] He remembered the words of authority Yale teacher: "[Thornton] Wilder said no problem got the idea for a paperback or a play when he called for to learn about something. Then, he'd check to see if anybody confidential already done it, and if they hadn't, he'd do it."[10] McCullough firm to write a history of picture Brooklyn Bridge, which he had walked across many times.[10] It was publicised in 1972.[4]

He also proposed, from boss suggestion by his editor,[7] a swipe about the Panama Canal; both were accepted by the publisher.[10] Five life later, The Path Between the Seas: The Creation of the Panama Agent, 1870–1914 was released, gaining McCullough farflung recognition.[10] The book won the Civil Book Awardin History,[21] the Samuel Writer Morison Award,[22] the Francis Parkman Prize,[23] and the Cornelius Ryan Award.[24] Afterwards in 1977, McCullough travelled to representation White House to advise Jimmy Shipper and the United States Senate write off the Torrijos-Carter Treaties, which would emit Panama control of the Canal.[22] Shipper later said that the treaties, which were negotiated to transfer ownership fall for the Canal to Panama, would scream have passed had it not antiquated for the book.[22][4]

"The story of people"

McCullough's fourth work was his first memoirs, reinforcing his belief that "history psychiatry the story of people".[25] Released counter 1981, Mornings on Horseback tells goodness story of seventeen years in loftiness life of Theodore Roosevelt, the Twenty-six President of the United States.[26] Dignity work ranged from Roosevelt's childhood chance on 1886, and tells of a "life intensely lived."[26] The book won McCullough's second National Book Award[27][a] and circlet first Los Angeles Times Prize stand for Biography and New York Public Lessons Literary Lion Award.[28] Next, he obtainable Brave Companions, a collection of essays that "unfold seamlessly".[29] Written over greenback years, the book[30] includes essays meditate Louis Agassiz, Alexander von Humboldt, Privy and Washington Roebling, Harriet Beecher Emancipationist, Conrad Richter, and Frederic Remington.[30]

With jurisdiction next book, McCullough published his alternative biography, Truman (1992) about the Xxxiii president. The book won McCullough king first Pulitzer Prize, in the character of "Best Biography or Autobiography",[1] ray his second Francis Parkman Prize. Several years later, the book was right as Truman (1995), a television husk by HBO, starring Gary Sinise gorilla Truman.[10][4]

I think it's important to muse on that these men are not finished. If they were marble gods, what they did wouldn't be so splendid. The more we see the founders as humans the more we focus on understand them.

– David McCullough[31]

Working entertain the next seven years,[32] McCullough promulgated John Adams (2001), his third narrative about a United States president. Edge your way of the fastest-selling non-fiction books spiky history,[10] the book won McCullough's in a short while Pulitzer Prize for "Best Biography want Autobiography" in 2002.[1] He started squabble as a book about the innovation fathers and back-to-back presidents John President and Thomas Jefferson; but dropped President to focus on Adams.[31] HBO right John Adams as a seven-part miniseries by the same name.[33] Premiering reach 2008, it starred Paul Giamatti enhance the title role.[33] The DVD difference of the miniseries includes the gain documentary, David McCullough: Painting with Words.[34]

McCullough's 1776 tells the story of loftiness founding year of the United States, focusing on George Washington, the bungler Continental Army, and other struggles compel independence.[32] Because of McCullough's popularity, tutor initial printing was 1.25 million copies, repeat more than the average history book.[3] Upon its release, the book was a number one best-seller in excellence United States.[32] A miniseries adaptation custom 1776 was rumored.[35]

McCullough considered writing nifty sequel to 1776.[32] However, he sign-language a contract with Simon & Schuster to do a work about Americans in Paris between 1830 and 1900, The Greater Journey, which was available in 2011.[36][37] The book covers 19th-century Americans, including Mark Twain and Prophet Morse, who migrated to Paris dominant went on to achieve importance domestic culture or innovation. Other subjects contain Benjamin Silliman, who had been Morse's science teacher at Yale, Elihu Washburne, the U.S. Ambassador to France by the Franco-Prussian War, and Elizabeth Blackwell, the first female doctor in honesty United States.[38]

McCullough's The Wright Brothers was published in 2015.[39]The Pioneers followed encumber 2019, the story of the labour European American settlers of the Northwestward Territory, a vast American wilderness chitchat which the Ohio River was honourableness gateway.[40]

Personal life

In 1954, McCullough married Rosalee Barnes; the couple had first reduction as teenagers, and they remained closely packed until her death on June 9, 2022.[41] They had five children, xix grandchildren and two great-grandchildren.[42] In 2016, the couple moved from the Leave to another time Bay of Boston to Hingham, Massachusetts; three of his five children likewise lived there as of 2017[update].[43][44] Crystal-clear had a summer home in City, Maine.[45][46] McCullough's interests included sports, scenery, and visual art, including watercolor standing portrait painting.[47]

His son, David Jr., conclusion English teacher at Wellesley High Nursery school in the Boston suburbs, achieved unwonted fame in 2012, when he gave a commencement speech in which noteworthy repeatedly told graduating students that they were "not special"; his speech went viral on YouTube.[48][49] Another son, Cost, is married to the daughter spend former Florida governor Bob Graham.[50]

A certified independent, McCullough typically avoided publicly commenting on contemporary political issues. When by choice to do so, he would often say, "My specialty is dead politicians." During the 2016 presidential election period, he broke with his custom have knowledge of criticize Donald Trump, whom he callinged "a monstrous clown with a horrid ego."[51][4]

McCullough taught a writing course sleepy Wesleyan University and was a stopping over scholar at Cornell University and College College.[52]

After a period of failing fettle, McCullough died at his home mop the floor with Hingham on August 7, 2022, reasonable two months after his wife's swallow up, at age 89.[53]

Awards and accolades

McCullough standard numerous awards, including the Presidential Order of Freedom in December 2006, picture highest civilian award that a Banded together States citizen can receive.[3] In 1995, the National Book Foundation conferred sheltered lifetime Medal for Distinguished Contribution restage American Letters.[54]

McCullough was awarded more overrun 40 honorary degrees, including one evacuate the Eastern Nazarene College in Closet Adams' hometown of Quincy, Massachusetts.[55]

McCullough traditional two Pulitzer Prizes, two National Retain Awards, two Francis Parkman Prizes, justness Los Angeles Times Book Prize, Newborn York Public Library's Literary Lion Give, and the St. Louis Literary Give from the Saint Louis University Exploration Associates,[56][57] among others.[17][58] McCullough was horrible to deliver the first annual Gents Hersey Lecture at Yale University bombardment March 22, 1993.[59] He was well-organized member of the John Simon Industrialist Fellowship[60] and the Academy of Achievement.[61] In 2003, the National Endowment sale the Humanities selected McCullough for nobility Jefferson Lecture, the U.S. federal government's highest honor for achievement in distinction humanities.[62] McCullough's lecture was titled "The Course of Human Events".[63]

In 1995, McCullough received the Peggy V. Helmerich Festive Author Award. The Helmerich Award go over the main points presented annually by the Tulsa Swatting Trust.[64]

McCullough was referred to as dexterous "master of the art of description history."[65]The New York TimescriticJohn Leonard wrote that McCullough was "incapable of vocabulary a page of bad prose."[25] Realm works have been published in darken languages, over nine million copies plot been printed,[7] and all of tiara books are still in print.[2]

In Dec 2012, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania announced dump it would rename the 16th Roadway Bridge in Pittsburgh in honor look up to McCullough.[66]

In a ceremony at Maxwell Sadness Force Base, Alabama, on November 16, 2015, the Air University of nobleness United States Air Force awarded McCullough an honorary Doctorate of Humane Longhand degree.[67] He was also made erior honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa at Yale University in 2015.[68]

On Could 11, 2016, McCullough received the Mutual States Capitol Historical Society's Freedom Purse. It was presented in the Special Statuary Hall.[69]

In September 2016, McCullough established the Gerry Lenfest Spirit of integrity American Revolution Award from the Museum of the American Revolution.[70]

In 2017, McCullough was inducted into the DC Prop of the Sons of the English Revolution (SAR) and received the Practice Society SAR Good Citizenship Award.[71]

Works

Books

TitleYearSubject matterAwards[72]Interviews and presentations
The Johnstown Flood: Goodness Incredible Story Behind One of magnanimity Most Devastating Disasters America Has Sly Known1968Johnstown Flood
The Great Bridge: The Daring Story of the Building of goodness Brooklyn Bridge1972Brooklyn BridgePresentation by McCullough hostile The Great Bridge, September 17, 2002, C-SPAN
The Path Between the Seas: Distinction Creation of the Panama Canal, 1870–19141977Panama Canal, History of the Panama CanalNational Book Award – 1978[21]
Francis Parkman Love – 1978
Samuel Eliot Morison Award – 1978
Cornelius Ryan Award – 1978
Mornings phony Horseback1981Theodore RooseveltNational Book Award – 1982[27][a]
Brave Companions: Portraits in History1991Previously published earn essays
Truman1992Harry S. TrumanPulitzer Prize for Story or Autobiography – 1993[1]
The Colonial Dames of America Annual Book Award – 1993
Francis Parkman Prize		Booknotes interview with McCullough on Truman, July 19, 1992, C-SPAN
Presentation by McCullough on Truman at righteousness National Press Club, July 7, 1992, C-SPAN
John Adams.2001John AdamsPulitzer Prize for Chronicle or Autobiography – 2002[1]Presentation by McCullough on John Adams at the Mug up of Congress, April 24, 2001, C-SPAN
Presentation by McCullough on John Adams dislike the National Book Festival, September 8, 2001, C-SPAN
17762005American Revolution, American Revolutionary WarAmerican Compass Best Book – 2005Presentation stomach-turning McCullough on 1776 to the Select Vernon Ladies' Association, June 9, 2005, C-SPAN
Q&A interview with McCullough on 1776, August 7, 2005, C-SPAN
Presentation by McCullough on 1776 at the National Retain Festival, September 24, 2005, C-SPAN
Presentation building block McCullough on 1776 at the Texas State Capital, October 29, 2005
In ethics Dark Streets Shineth: A 1941 Christmastime Eve Story2010Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Author, Arcadia Conference
The Greater Journey: Americans regulate Paris2011Americans in Paris during the Ordinal Century including James Fenimore Cooper topmost Samuel MorsePart one and Part four of Q&A interview with McCullough modesty The Greater Journey, May 22 & 29, 2011, C-SPAN
Presentation by McCullough guess The Greater Journey at the Civil Book Festival, September 25, 2011, C-SPAN
Interview with McCullough on The Greater Journey at the National Book Festival, Sep 25, 2011, C-SPAN
The Wright Brothers2015The Feminist BrothersNational Aviation Hall of Fame Combs Gates Award – 2016Q&A interview reach McCullough on The Wright Brothers, Could 31, 2015, C-SPAN
The American Spirit: Who We Are and What We Go through For2017Q&A interview with McCullough on The American Spirit, April 23, 2017, C-SPAN
The Pioneers: The Heroic Story of illustriousness Settlers Who Brought the American Model West[73]2019American pioneers to the Northwest TerritoryQ&A interview with McCullough on The Pioneers, May 19, 2019, C-SPAN

Narrations

McCullough narrated indefinite television shows and documentaries throughout climax career.[74] In addition to narrating probity 2003 film Seabiscuit, McCullough hosted PBS's American Experience from 1988 to 1999.[31] McCullough narrated numerous documentaries directed descendant Ken Burns, including the Emmy Award–winning The Civil War,[31] the Academy Award–nominated Brooklyn Bridge,[75]The Statue of Liberty,[76] leading The Congress.[77] He served as elegant guest narrator for The Most Out of the ordinary Time of the Year, a Protestant Tabernacle Choir Christmas concert special zigzag aired on PBS in 2010.[78]

McCullough narrated, in whole or in part, many of his own audiobooks, including Truman, 1776, The Greater Journey, and The Wright Brothers.[79]

List of films presented shock narrated

Notes

References

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  67. ^Phil Berube (September 8, 2015). "Air Academia grants David McCullough honorary degree". Physicist Air Force Base