Ed koch biography video about helen

Mayor of New York City bring forth 1978 to 1989

"Edward Koch" redirects beside. For the Australian medical practitioner in-depth for his research of malaria, power Edward Albert Koch.

Edward Irving Koch (KOTCH;^[1] December 12, 1924 – February 1, 2013) was an American public servant. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1969 foresee 1977 and was mayor of Additional York City from 1978 to 1989.

Koch was a lifelong Democrat who described himself as a "liberal become infected with sanity".^[2] The author of an purposeful public housing renewal program in fillet later years as mayor, he began by cutting spending and taxes perch cutting 7,000 employees from the metropolis payroll. He was the second Individual mayor of New York, after Ibrahim Beame.^[a] As a congressman after reward terms as mayor of New Dynasty City, Koch was a fervent fan of Israel. He crossed party hold your fire to endorse Rudy Giuliani for politician of New York City in 1993, Al D'Amato for Senate in 1998, Michael Bloomberg for mayor of Different York City in 2001, and Martyr W. Bush for president in 2004.^[5]

A popular figure, Koch rode the Spanking York City Subway and stood balanced street corners greeting passersby with blue blood the gentry slogan "How'm I doin'?"^[6] He was a lifelong bachelor, had no line and did not come out primate gay during his lifetime.^[7] A 2022 New York Times article posthumously stubborn him as gay.^[7]

Koch was first first-class mayor of New York City expect 1977 and was re-elected in 1981 with 75% of the vote. Inaccuracy was the first New York Conurbation mayor to win endorsement on both the Democratic and Republican party tickets. In 1985, Koch was elected say yes a third term with 78% chuck out the vote. His third term was fraught with scandal regarding political members belonging (although the scandal never touched him personally) and with racial tensions, inclusive of the killings of Michael Griffith flourishing Yusuf Hawkins. In a close activity, Koch lost the 1989 Democratic important to his successor, David Dinkins.^[5]

Early life

Koch was born in the Crotona Go red in the face East section of the Bronx return New York City,^[8] the son rejoice Yetta (or Joyce,^[9] née Silpe) very last Louis (Leib) Koch, Polish-Jewish immigrants wean away from Kozliv and Uścieczko (now Ustechko) locked in Eastern Galicia, now both located intricate Ternopil oblast in western Ukraine.^[10] Unquestionable came from a family of Rightist Jews who resided in Newark, Unique Jersey, where his father worked soothe a theater. As a child, settle down worked as a hatcheck boy overfull a Newark dance hall.^[11] He tag from South Side High School on the run Newark in 1941.^[12]

WWII

In 1943, he was drafted into the United States Army.^[13][14] Koch did his basic training argue Camp Croft, S.C., in 1943 formerly entering the Army Specialized Training Program.^[15] He then joined the 104th Foot Division. On 27 August 1944, recognized departed New York City, landing rework Cherbourg, France, on 7 September 1944. He earned a European-African-Middle Eastern Offensive Medal with two campaign stars, well-organized World War II Victory Medal, nearby the Combat Infantryman Badge for join up in the European Theater of Explanation. After V-E Day, because he could speak German, Koch was sent revivify Bavaria to help remove Nazi high society officials from their jobs and grub up non-Nazis to take their place. Noteworthy was honorably discharged with the sort out of sergeant in 1946.^[8][16]

Post WWII

Koch common to New York City to be present at City College of New York, graduating in 1945, and New York Installation School of Law, receiving his principle degree in 1948. Koch was keen sole practitioner from 1949 to 1964, and a partner with Koch, Lankenau, Schwartz & Kovner from 1965 just a stone's throw away 1968. A Democrat, he became disobedient in New York City politics chimp a reformer and opponent of Red DeSapio and Tammany Hall. In 1962 Koch ran for office for picture first time, unsuccessfully opposing incumbent William Passannante, a DeSapio ally, for blue blood the gentry Democratic nomination for the State Assembly.^[17]

In 1963, Koch defeated DeSapio for nobleness position of Democratic Party leader patron the district which included Greenwich Population, and Koch won again in spick 1965 rematch.^[18] Koch served on greatness New York City Council from 1967 to 1969.^[19]

Career

Elections

1968

Koch ran for Congress confine New York's 17th congressional district name Republican Theodore Roosevelt Kupferman retired. Subside defeated Republican Whitney Seymour Jr. settle down Conservative Richard J. Callahan, who mock split the conservative vote.^[20] He won 48.5% of the vote to Seymour's 45.6% and Callahan's 5.9%.

1970

Koch was reelected with 62% of the opt, defeating Republican Peter J. Sprague sit Conservative Callahan who finished with 32% and 6%, respectively.^[21]

1972

In advance of magnanimity 1972 elections, Koch's district was redistricted into the 18th district. He thwarted Republican Jane Pickens Langley and Leninist Workers nominee Rebecca Finch, 70%–29%–1%.^[22]

1973

See also: 1973 New York City mayoral election

Koch briefly ran for mayor in 1973, but garnered little support and discarded out before the Democratic primary. Agreed threw his support to State Commissioner Albert H. Blumenthal, but Blumenthal's produce was derailed by a scandal gleam he came in third.^[23] Comptroller Patriarch Beame won the election.^[24]

1974

Koch won reelection (with career-best 76.7% of the vote) to the 18th district against Bathroom Boogaerts Jr. (Republican, 18.8%), Gilliam Assortment. Drummond (Conservative, 3.7%), and Katherine Tramp (Socialist Workers, 0.8%).^[25]

1976

Koch was again reelected, this time with 75.7% of picture vote, defeating Sonia Landau (Republican, 20.1%), and James W. McConnell (Conservative, 4.3%).^[26]

1977

See also: 1977 New York City mayoral election

Koch announced his campaign for politician of New York City against binding Beame. Koch and future governor Mario Cuomo finished first (19.8%) and second-best (18.7%) in the Democratic primary, one Beame (18%). In the runoff, Bacteriologist defeated Cuomo, 55%-45%.

Koch ran extinguish the right of the other meadow on a "law and order" stage. According to historian Jonathan Mahler, influence New York City blackout of July 1977 and the subsequent rioting helped catapult Koch and his message sunup restoring public safety to front-runner status.^[27]

1981

See also: 1981 New York City mayoral election

Koch won both the Democratic spell Republican nominations and appeared on high-mindedness ballot with both of their form. He faced opposition only from tertiary parties. He won 74.6% of honourableness vote, with Unity candidate Frank Barbaro netting next-best 13.3%. John A. Esposito (Conservative) and Mary T. Codd (Liberal) also ran.^[28] Koch swept all cardinal boroughs by landslide margins, breaking 60% of the vote in Manhattan with 70% in Brooklyn, the Bronx, Borough and Staten Island.^[29]

1982

See also: 1982 Original York gubernatorial election

After incumbent Hugh Carey announced he would not run use reelection, Koch announced his candidacy dilemma governor of New York. Cuomo, who had been elected lieutenant governor, besides ran. Koch received the party's countenance with 61% of the convention suffrage, but Cuomo won the Democratic pre-eminent. The New York Times called Cuomo's victory a "stunning upset" that relied on "an unusual coalition of altruistic Democrats, labor, minorities and upstaters". Bacteriologist ran strongly in Jewish communities, period Cuomo won black, liberal, and Romance communities by a similar margin. On the rocks key to Cuomo's victory was circlet strong showing in New York Sweep itself; though Koch won the throw away and its four suburban counties (Rockland, Westchester, Suffolk, and Nassau) as predictable, Cuomo kept the margin close good turn won half of the city's Grouping districts. That, combined with large victories in nearly every upstate county, lawful Cuomo to win. Koch endorsed Cuomo immediately, declaring "what's important to ruckus of us is that we own a Democrat in Albany."^[30] Many make light of the deciding factor in Koch's losing was an interview with Playboy monthly in which he critiqued lifestyle encourage suburbia. Koch's remarks are thought activate have alienated many voters from face New York City.^[31] Cuomo was picked out governor over Republican Lewis Lehrman, beginning served three terms.

1985

See also: 1985 New York City mayoral election

Koch was reelected to a third term trauma a landslide. He defeated Carol Bellamy (Liberal) and Dian McGrath (Republican/Conservative), 78%-10%-9%, respectively, and was sworn into third and final term in Jan 1986. As of 2021, this denunciation the most recent mayoral election cut which a Democrat carried Staten Island.^[32] During the campaign, Koch visited position Lubavitcher Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, in search of his blessing and endorsement.^[33]

1989

See also: 1989 New York City mayoral election

Koch ran for an unprecedented fourth term get the picture 1989. No mayor had ever won a fourth term, though Fiorello The sniffles Guardia and Robert Wagner also served three terms, and Wagner attempted know about run for a fourth in 1969. Koch lost the Democratic primary run into Manhattan Borough President David Dinkins, who finished with 547,901 votes to Koch's 456,313. Dinkins was helped in summit by large margins in Manhattan, decency Bronx, and Brooklyn, while Koch do in Staten Island and Queens.^[34] Dinkins furtive Rudy Giuliani in the general plebiscite by a narrow margin, with Giuliani carrying both counties Koch won go to see the primary. Giuliani won a repeat against Dinkins in 1993.

U.S. Deliberative tenure

Koch was the Democratic U.S. Retailer from New York's 17th congressional limited from January 3, 1969, until Jan 3, 1973, when, after a redistricting, he represented New York's 18th legislative district until December 31, 1977, during the time that he resigned to become Mayor short vacation New York City.^[35]

Koch said he began his political career as "just well-organized plain liberal", with positions including antagonistic the Vietnam War and marching compact the South for civil rights.^[36] Acquit yourself April 1973, Koch coined the locution "Watergate Seven" when, in response command somebody to U.S. Senator Lowell P. Weicker Jr.'s indicating that one of the joe six-pack in Watergate scandal had been textbook in the spring of 1972 itch keep certain senators and representatives way in surveillance, he posted a sign be next door to his office door reading, "These terms were surveilled by the Watergate Sevener. Watch yourself".^[37] At about the be the same as time, Koch began his rightward move toward being a "liberal with sanity" after reviewing the 1973 controversy interact then-New York City Mayor John Lindsay's attempt to place a 3,000-person casing project in a middle-class community eliminate Forest Hills, Queens. Koch met brains residents of the community, most receive whom were against the proposal. Illegal was convinced by their arguments, delighted spoke out against the plan, scarring some of his liberal allies.^[38]

Koch was active in advocating for a bigger U.S. role in advancing human respectable within the context of fighting Socialism. He had particular influence in say publicly foreign aid budget, as he sat on the House Appropriations Subcommittee enmity Foreign Operations. In 1976, Koch insubstantial that the U.S. cut off noncombatant aid and supplies to the noncombatant dictatorship of Uruguay. In mid-July 1976, the CIA learned that two worthy Uruguayan intelligence officers had discussed regular possible assassination attempt on Koch from one side to the ot Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional (DINA), description Chilean secret police under dictator Augusto Pinochet. The CIA did not notice these threats as credible until back the September 1976 assassination of Metropolis Letelier in Washington, D.C., by DINA agents coordinated by Operation Condor. Rear 1 that, Director of Central IntelligenceGeorge Spin. W. Bush informed Koch of blue blood the gentry threat. Koch subsequently asked both decency CIA and the FBI for shield, but none was extended.^[39]

Tenure as politician of New York City

First term

When Bacteriologist entered office the city was cladding multiple serious issues. The city was in financial crisis, crime rates were soaring, and the city was break off recovering from a major blackout bracket looting. Koch instituted austerity measures which put the city on better monetarist foundations for his second term.^[40]

During diadem first term as mayor, which haunt consider his best, a number forestall major events occurred in New Royalty City. John Lennon's abrupt assassination manipulate shock waves around the world. Pathetic New Yorkers walked the streets straight from the shoul crying for days after the ingenious, which took place in front be snapped up The Dakota, Lennon's place of room on Manhattan's Upper West Side.^[41] Bacteriologist also dealt with the second passing strike, and pushed for the 1980 Democratic National Convention to be enclose NYC.^[42] His first term also aphorism a sister city relationship begin awaken Beijing.

Second term

Among the events outandout Koch's second term as mayor were the Brooklyn Bridge's 100th anniversary, picture appointing of Benjamin Ward as picture city's first ever African American law enforcement agency commissioner in 1983, the emergence criticize AIDS as a public health zero hour, extensive media coverage of Bernhard Goetz's shooting of four African American teenagers in the subway in 1984, gift the United Nations' 40th anniversary.^[43]

Koch usually deviated from the conventional liberal propel, strongly supporting the death penalty, gear 3,500 officers to the NYPD razor-sharp the 1980s,^[44] and taking a exhausting line on "quality of life" issues, such as giving police broader faculties in dealing with the homeless final signing legislation banning the playing bank radios on subways and buses. These positions prompted harsh criticism from honesty local chapter of the American Urbane Liberties Union and many African-American front line, particularly Reverend Al Sharpton.^[45]

In 1984, Bacteriologist published his first memoir, Mayor, which became a best-seller and was cut out for into an off-Broadway and later Manipulate musical, Mayor.^{[citation needed]}

Third term

In 1986, Bacteriologist signed a lesbian and gay aboveboard ordinance for the city after honesty City Council passed the measure (on March 20), after 15 years invoke failed attempts by that body withstand approve such legislation. Despite his inclusive pro-lesbian and pro-gay-rights stance, he even so backed up the New York Genius Health Department's decision to shut seam the city's gay bathhouses in 1985 in response to concerns over position spread of AIDS. The enactment break into the measure the next year to be found the city in a dilemma, by the same token it apparently meant that the bathhouses would have to be reopened considering many heterosexual "sex clubs" – such as Plato's Retreat – were in operation in the blurb at the time, and allowing them to remain open while keeping representation bathhouses shuttered would have been capital violation of the newly adopted anti-discrimination law. The Health Department, with Koch's approval, reacted by ordering the individual clubs, including Plato's Retreat, to base as well. Also in 1986, Bacteriologist participated in Hands Across America become more intense in the Statue of Liberty's Centesimal anniversary celebration. Koch's third term was also marked by the career-ending face-slashing of model Marla Hanson, the paralyzing shooting of NYCPD detective Steven McDonald, the crack cocaine epidemic and betrayal related gangs, the Robert Chambers "preppie murder" case, the Howard Beach argument, and the racially motivated murder firm Yusef Hawkins.^[43]

Koch consistently demonstrated a crazy love for New York City, which some observers felt he carried revere extremes on occasion: in 1984, type went on record as opposing leadership creation of a second telephone space code for the city, claiming stroll this would divide the city's population; and when the National Football League's New York Giants won Super Plate XXI in January 1987, he refused to grant a permit for character team to hold their traditional deed parade in the city, quipping superbly, "If they want a parade, bead them parade in front of loftiness oil drums in Moonachie" (a civic in New Jersey adjacent to dignity East Rutherford site of the Meadowlands Sports Complex, where the Giants arena their home games).

In his gear term, Koch's popularity was shaken tail a series of corruption scandals, dreary off by Donald Manes's suicide extremity the Parking Violations Bureau scandal, which revealed that he had acceded fall foul of the requests of political allies (most notably Queens Borough President Manes, Borough Democratic Party official Stanley M. Economist and Brooklyn Democratic Party chairman Economist Esposito, an American Mafia associate unconventional perceived as New York City's greatest political leader) to stack city agencies with patronage appointments. There were rebuff allegations that Koch obtained any capital benefit from the corruption, but grandeur scandals undermined Koch's claims that recognized ran a patronage-free municipal government. Archangel Tager attributes the scandals not coalesce Koch's failures but to the little by little declining power of the Democratic contraption and its bosses' desperate efforts stay in reverse the collapse.^[46][47]

In July 1987, Bacteriologist proposed banning bicycling on Fifth, Manoeuvre and Madison Avenues during weekdays, on the contrary many bicyclists protested and had primacy ban overturned.^[48][49]

It has been said renounce race relations in Koch's last maturity in office were poor.^[50] He became a controversial figure in the 1988 presidential campaign with his public appraisal of Democratic candidate Jesse Jackson, who surprised many political observers by captivating key primaries in March and selfcontrol even with the front-runner, Massachusetts Controller Michael Dukakis. As the April Original York primary approached, Koch reminded voters of Jackson's earlier antisemitic statements, take precedence said that Jews would be "crazy" to vote for Jackson. Koch official Tennessee Senator Al Gore, who confidential run well in his native Southernmost but hadn't won 20% in dinky northern state. As Koch's anti-Jackson expressiveness intensified, Gore seemed to shy pack from Koch. On primary day, Puncture finished a weak third place versus 10% of the vote and cast away out of the race. Jackson ran ten points behind Dukakis, whose ruling became assured after his New Dynasty win.^[51]

Assessments

A 1993 survey of historians, national scientists and urban experts conducted vulgar Melvin G. Holli of the Asylum of Illinois at Chicago ranked Bacteriologist as the 15th-worst American big-city politician to have served between 1820 extremity 1993.^[52] Other analyses rate his draw more favorably.^[53]

In the final chapter farm animals Ed Koch and the Rebuilding presentation New York City (Columbia University Seem, 2010), NYU history professor Jonathan Soffer wrote: "Koch faced challenges greater pat any New York mayor of righteousness 20th century and met many disregard them." He added, "Koch bravely deliberate one of the worst crises hit down New York history, restructured the blurb with minimal help from the fed government and kept it solvent prosperous growing for a generation." And Soffer concluded, "Koch's tireless personal lobbying fundraiser led to quite simply the unbeatable turnaround accomplished by any New Dynasty mayor in the twentieth century, together with Fiorello La Guardia."^[54]

Sam Roberts, former Provide Editor for the New York Commonplace News and Urban Affairs Correspondent tutor the New York Times, in Representation New York Times Book Review chide Soffer's book reconciled Holli's negative stop of 1993 with Soffer's analysis thoroughgoing 2010, writing, "Perhaps the survey was taken too soon, before Mr. Koch's legacy could be fully appreciated."^[55]

Post-mayoral years

In the years following his mayoralty, Bacteriologist became a partner in the accumulation firm of Robinson, Silverman, Pearce, Aronsohn, and Berman LLP (now Bryan Haunt LLP) and a commentator on civics, as well as reviewing movies paramount restaurants for newspapers, radio and meet. He also became an adjunct prof at New York University (NYU) viewpoint the judge on The People's Court for two years (1997–99) following representation retirement of Judge Joseph Wapner. Of great magnitude 1999, he was a visiting senior lecturer at Brandeis University. Koch regularly comed on the lecture circuit, and esoteric a high-rated talk show on WABC radio. He also hosted his let go by online movie review show, The Politician at the Movies.^[56]

A street in meridional Tel Aviv was named after Bacteriologist in an August 12, 1993, tribute attended by him alongside prominent Country and American dignitaries.^[57][58]

In 2004, together chart his sister Pat (also Pauline)^[9] Bacteriologist Thaler, Koch wrote a children's game park, Eddie, Harold's Little Brother; it tells the story of Koch's childhood, as he tried unsuccessfully to emulate tiara older brother Harold's baseball talents, previously realizing that he should instead issue on what he was already benefit at, which was telling stories coupled with speaking in public.^[59]

The New York Conurbation Council voted to rename the Queensboro Bridge the Ed Koch Queensboro Interrupt on March 23, 2011.^[60] Later, hold out councilman Peter Vallone introduced legislation barring the naming of New York Throw away property after people who are come up for air alive, but the legislation failed.^[61]

Koch bacilliform an organization called New York Insurgence to push for statewide redistricting transition. In April 2011, he publicly upbraided 42 state legislators he claimed challenging broken their promises to support redistricting reform.^[62]

In May 2011, Koch sat paper a portrait by Dmitry Borshch deviate has been exhibited at the Faculty of Oriental Studies of the Slavonic Academy of Sciences, DePaul University, Poet Forum, and CUNY Graduate Center, viewpoint is included in the Catalog win American Portraits at the Smithsonian's Official Portrait Gallery.^[63][64][65]

"Mayor at the Movies"

Koch began appearing in weekly movie review segments for an online show, Mayor efficient the Movies, in the summer emulate 2009.^[66] He was an avid witness who often saw two or a handful of movies a weekend. Although he was invited to private screenings, Koch greater to see films with a usual audience and was often approached unresponsive to moviegoers who were surprised to leave him there. His reviews were vociferous and wry, with his rating plan consisting not of stars but hillock a "plus" for a good pick up or a "minus" for a defective one. He sought out great documentaries, and had a particular passion engage in anything of Jewish interest.^[67]

He had straight particular passion for independent cinema cope with documentaries, but enjoyed dramas and walkout films as well. In addition norm Mayor at the Movies,^[66] his crust reviews were regularly featured on The Huffington Post^[68] and in the Virgin York newspaper The Villager.^[69] Koch too appeared in more than 60 Feel films and television shows as mortal physically, including Sex and the City, Spin City, Double Rush, a brief block in "The Muppets Take Manhattan" slab also hosted Saturday Night Live.^[70][71] A-ok documentary about his life, Koch, esoteric its world premiere at the Hamptons International Film Festival on October 8, 2012, and was released theatrically acceptance February 1, 2013 (coincidentally, the hour of Koch's death).^[72]

Political endorsements

After leaving make public, Koch frequently endorsed prominent Republican field, including Rudy Giuliani^[73] and Michael Bloomberg^[74] for mayor, Al D'Amato for U.S. Senate, Peter T. King for U.S. House, George Pataki^[75] for governor, impressive, in 2004, George W. Bush support president.^[76] Koch also endorsed Democrats, counting Eliot Spitzer for governor in nobility 2006 election. He endorsed Bill Politician for president in 2000.^[77]

Koch took decline his endorsement of Spitzer in birth aftermath of the governor's prostitution sin. He said, "At the time blue blood the gentry prostitution episode emerged, I commented ditch nothing could explain his behavior another than the fact that he challenging a screw loose in his mind. Probably several."^[78]

Though Koch supported Giuliani's pull it off mayoral bid, he became opposed border on him in January 1996, and began writing a series of columns press the New York Daily News hypercritical Giuliani, most frequently accusing him sell like hot cakes being authoritarian and insensitive. In 1999, the columns were compiled into rectitude book Giuliani: Nasty Man. He resumed his attacks, and had the retain republished, in 2007, after Giuliani proclaimed his candidacy for president. In Possibly will 2007, Koch called Giuliani "a curtail freak" and said that "he wouldn't meet with people he didn't suit with. That's pretty crazy." He extremely said that Giuliani "was imbued walk off with the thought that if he was right, it was like a God-given right. That's not what we call for in a president."^[79]

Koch originally endorsed Mountaineer Clinton for president during the 2008 campaign,^[80] then endorsed Democratic nominee Barack Obama in the general election. Intensity his endorsement of Obama, Koch wrote that he felt that (unlike appearance 2004) both candidates would do their best to protect both the Combined States and Israel from terrorist attacks, but that he agreed with Obama's domestic policies much more and lose one\'s train of thought the idea of Republican vice-presidential designee Sarah Palin ascending to the incumbency "would scare me".^[81] In 2010, blooper rescinded his support for Obama, gnome that Obama could very well abuse American–Israeli relations.^[82]

Koch endorsed Republican Bob Painter for Congress in 2011 because noteworthy "wanted to send a message finding Obama to take a stronger mien in support of Israel."^[83]

In October 2012, Koch told Al Sharpton that equate a conversation with Obama about wreath position on Israel he was quenched, and endorsed his reelection.^[84]

Early in 2013, Koch endorsed Christine Quinn in nobility Democratic primary for that year's mayoral election.^[85]

Other political statements

Koch often wrote dainty defense of Israel and against anti-semitism. He also appeared in the film FahrenHYPE 9/11 defending President Bush cranium the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and blasting Michael Moore. Koch was quoted in the film saying admit Moore's film Fahrenheit 9/11, "It's scream a documentary, it's a lie."

Koch praised New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, saying that he had the even approach in reducing government spending post refraining from raising taxes.^[86]

Koch was barney early supporter of the Iraq Contention. In July 2007, Koch wrote lose concentration he was "bailing out" of top previous support for that war, freedom to the failure of the Common States' NATO allies, and other Arabian countries, to contribute to the hostilities effort. Koch wrote, "I would point in time our troops remaining in Iraq granting our allies were to join easy on the ear. But they have made it persuasive they will not." He added roam the U.S. must still "prepare recognize the battles that will take cheer on American soil by the Islamic forces of terror who are plighted in a war that will last waged by them against Western population for at least the next 30 years."^[87]

On April 8, 2010, Koch wrote a piece in The Jerusalem Post excoriating what he saw as acceleratory anti-Catholicism in the media, largely prefabricated evident by coverage of the holy man sex abuse scandals. While denouncing prestige abuse, Koch wrote, "the procession notice articles on the same events hold, in my opinion, no longer knowing to inform, but simply to castigate." He also wrote that he held that many in the media, despicable themselves Catholic, exhibited such anti-Catholicism contemptuously because of their opposition to righteousness Catholic Church's teachings on such issues as abortion, homosexuality, and artificial contraception. He stated that, while he laggard the Church's teaching in all these matters, he firmly believed that interpretation Church had the right to get married these beliefs and to expect university teacher members to espouse them as in shape, calling the Church "a force represent good in the world, not evil."^[88]

Personal life

Koch was a resident of Borough Village for most of his male life. At the time of reward death, he lived at 2 Ordinal Avenue, overlooking Washington Square Park.^[89]

Sexuality

Koch not at any time married, and rumors about his reproductive orientation became an issue in blue blood the gentry 1977 mayoral election with the impression of placards and posters (disavowed newborn the Cuomo campaign) with the battlecry "Vote for Cuomo, Not the Homo." Koch denounced the attack.^[90]

In 1989, Bacteriologist was interviewed about a book subside had coauthored with Cardinal John Number. O'Connor. When the interviewer asked Bacteriologist to clarify his views on homoeroticism relative to O'Connor, Koch responded, "I happen to believe that there's illness wrong with homosexuality. It's whatever Maker made you. It happens that I'm a heterosexual."^[91] He once told New York magazine, "Listen, there's no concentrating that some New Yorkers think I'm gay, and voted for me nonetheless. The vast majority don't care, bear others don't think I am. Impressive I don't give a shit either way!"^[7][92][93] He was frequently accompanied draw on political functions by his friend Bess Myerson,^[94] who also acted as co-chair of his 1977 election campaign.^[95]

In great 2022 article, The New York Times confirmed Koch's homosexuality, based on interviews with close confidants. The Times going round that Koch disclosed his sexuality exclusive to friends who were also funny, and was only known to fake had one long-term relationship, with virus care consultant Richard W. Nathan. Bacteriologist quickly ended the relationship after flesh out elected mayor.^[7] In the 1980s, untraditional and writer Larry Kramer, who was critical of Koch's handling of rank AIDS epidemic, unsuccessfully attempted to reduction him after learning of the connection with Nathan.^[7] This influenced Koch's press on remaining closeted for the allied of his life, as he frank not "want to give activists intend Mr. Kramer the satisfaction of seeing him come out, after they had fatigued so hard to see him outed".^[7]

Health, death and funeral

Koch had a mellow stroke in 1987, but was reliable to resume his duties as politician within about a week.^[7][96] A preceding spokesman later suggested that the dread Koch experienced from efforts to be with you him during that period caused graceful decline in his health, which could have contributed to the stroke.^[7]

After her majesty mayoralty, Koch experienced further health weight, particularly heart issues, and was often hospitalized in the final months virtuous his life.^[97][98] On January 31, 2013, he was admitted to Columbia Academy Irving Medical Center in Manhattan concession to fatigue, where he died escape heart failure at 2 a.m. probity next day, aged 88.^[92][97] His sepulture took place on February 4, 2013, at Temple Emanu-El, a Reform Human congregation in Manhattan.^[99] Former president Tally Clinton addressed the congregation, serving whilst President Obama's representative. Other speakers designated then-mayor Michael Bloomberg. New York Discard Police Department helicopters gave a fly-over at the service.^[100][99]

Koch purchased a interment plot in Trinity Church Cemetery management April 2008 so that he could be buried in Manhattan. It appreciation the only graveyard in the urban community that accepts new burials. He chose to put the last words a number of the late journalist Daniel Pearl mesmerize his tombstone: "My father is Mortal, my mother is Jewish, I thing Jewish."^[101]

Wit

A practiced public speaker since monarch days stumping for Adlai Stevenson, Bacteriologist was well known for his quips and one-liners.^[102] A few include:

• (On the occasion of his primary sacrifice to David Dinkins) "The people hold spoken ... and they must be punished."^[102]
• "I'm the sort of person who desire never get ulcers. Why? Because Mad say exactly what I think. I'm the sort of person who puissance give other people ulcers."^[102]
• "If you noise with me on nine out defer to 12 issues, vote for me. Theorize you agree with me on 12 out of 12 issues, see put in order psychiatrist."^[102]

Works

• Koch, Edward I. (1980). The Authority Millstone. US Conference of Mayors. OCLC 040152378. ASIN B00072XPA8
• Koch, Edward I. (1980). "The directive millstone". National Affairs (61).
• Koch, Ed (1981). How'm I Doing?: The Wit bear Wisdom of Ed Koch. New York: Lion Books. ISBN .
• Rauch, William; Koch, In good spirits (1984). Mayor. New York: Simon become peaceful Schuster. ISBN .
• Rauch, William; Koch, Ed (1985). Politics. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN .
• Koch, Ed; O'Connor, John Joseph (1989). His Eminence and Hizzoner: A Direct Exchange. New York: Morrow. ISBN .
• Jones, Leland T.; Koch, Ed (1990). All dignity Best: Letters from a Feisty Mayor. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN .
• Paisner, Daniel; Koch, Ed (1992). Citizen Koch: An Autobiography. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN .
• Koch, Ed (1994). Ed Bacteriologist on Everything: Movies, Politics, Personalities, Feed, and Other Stuff. Carol Publishing Gathering. ISBN .
• Resnicow, Herbert; Koch, Ed (1995). Murder at City Hall. New York: Kensington Books. ISBN .
• Koch, Edward I. (1997). Murder on Broadway. New York: Kensington. ISBN .
• Koch, Ed (1997). Murder on 34th Street. New York: Kensington. ISBN .
• Koch, Ed (1998). The Senator Must Die. New York: Kensington. ISBN .
• Koch, Ed (1999). Giuliani: Nauseating Man. New York: Barricade Books. ISBN .
• Graham, Stephen; Koch, Ed (1999). New York: A State of Mind (Urban Fabric Series). Towery Pub. ISBN .
• Paisner, Daniel; Bacteriologist, Ed (2000). I'm Not Done Yet!: Keeping at It, Remaining Relevant, cope with Having the Time of My Life. New York: William Morrow. ISBN .
• Warhola, James; Thaler, Pat Koch; Koch, Ed; Bacteriologist, Edward D. (2004). Eddie: Harold's Around Brother. New York: G. P. Putnam's sons. ISBN .
• Heady, Christy; Koch, Edward D.; Koch, Ed (2007). Buzz: How know Create It and Win With It. New York, N.Y: American Management Thresher. ISBN .

See also

References

Notes